Engine-starting system.



C. F. KETTERING & W. A. CHRYSTQ ENGINE STARTING SYSTEM. APPLICATIONFILED'SEPT. 13, 19 13.

Patented Dec. 18, 1917.

1 2555555 fizz/2122271"? 1 mam gwmq t cl F. KETTERING & w. A. CHRYST.

ENGINE STARTING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED SHT- I3. 1913- m. In B s wk. Du E dw. m H .w a P.

c. F'. KETTERING a w; A. CHRY ST. ENGINE STARTING SYSTEM. ABPRCAIIUIIFILEDSEPT- Israels I 1,250,188. Patented Dec. 18,191

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

UNITED STATES P TENT l CHARLES IF. KETTERING AND, WILLIAM A 'CHRYST, OFDAYTON,-OHIO, ASSIGNOBS TO THE DAYTON ENGINEERING LABORATORIES COMPANY,A. CORPORATION OF OIIIO.

ENGINE-STARTING sYs'rEM.

. v -.Speei'fieat1on of Letters Patent- To all whom ma concern." 7

Be it know the. we, CHARLES F. humanmo and WILLIAM A. CnaYs'r, citizensof the United States of America, residing at Dayton, county of.Montgomery, and State of Ohlo, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Engine-Starting Systems, of which the following is afull, clear,.and exact description. This invention relates to electricstarting and generating devices, in which the electric machine has adouble wound armature and a brush lifting switch, such for exam 1e asshown in the applications of C. F..I\etter ing, Serial No. 721,237,filed September 19, 1912 {and Kettering and' Chryst, Serial'No.

. 778,934, filed July 14, 1913.

It is amongnthe general objects of the presentinvention to improve uponthe constructions shown in the applications referred V to, and moreparticularly to provide different sets of field windings for theelectric machine, to be used. selectively with the different armaturewindings to secure th desired results in the way'of the crankingmovement, the generating operation, and

theslow initial starting movement of the electric machine. And withthese devices are combined the arrangements of the brush liftingswitch,for

the motor armature circuit, and an. additional," outside switch, forcontrolling or' selecting the desired circuit arrangements to performthe different functions referred to. With these general objects in View,and

for the purpose of accomplishing'tl'ie various desired results by novelarrangement and combination of the elements of the systern, a preferredform of embodiment of these improvements is shown in the .accom panyingdrawings and described in detail hereinafter;

-. cranking operation.

-Referring to the drawings: g Figure 1 isa diagrammatic View of theelectrical connections and circuits embodied in the present invention,the brushes being' shown In their normal position, that is, for thegenerating operation of the machine and Fig. 1*} is. a similar view, butwith the brushes shown as shifted "for the motor 2 is a top plan view ofa of an automobile including the engine" This view illustrates a.preferred form of combining the starting device with'the engine,

Fig. 3 is a detail top plan view partly in section of the startingdevice, clearly showing the controlling mechanism in combination withthe shiftahle gearing and cut-out relay at one end of the startingdevice, and the brush lifting mechanism at the opposite end thereof. P

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary detail view in section of an engine having astarting device applied thereto, showing the gearing thereofin startingposition.

Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view of the Patented Dec. 18,1917.

electric machine applied to an engine having Fig. 8 is. a detail viewof. the motor brush and its commutator, saidbrnsh being held in itsnormal circuit breaking position by;

the controlling mechanism. a

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8,-showing the brush in positiontoclose the motor circuit, for starting purposes. Y 1

Fig. 10 is a detail view of one. of the motor and one of the generatorbrushesmounted on a common supporting element or plate which alsoconstitutes acover for one of the openings in the front end housing.

Referring to the drawings and more especially tov Figs. 2 to 10-inclusive, the numeral 20 designates the side frames of the chassiswhile the numeral 21 indicates the.

engine, provided with a flywheel272, having gear .teeth 23 cutinitsperi'pher'yf The-type of chassis and engine" construction shown inthe present instance is similar to that manufactured and placed- 'on themarket by the Buick Motor Car Company.

The dynamo electric machine is designated by the numeral 24 and isadapted to be driven as a generatorduring the normal I operation of -theengine, by meansof the timing gears 25', which transmit motion to thegenerator through the 26, as is clearly shown in 2.

I The location and arrangement of the dy- In'amo electric machine issimilar in certain respects to that described, illustrated and claimedin the patents and applications above versely between the side frames20, said rod also passes through and is fixed to the" sleeve 28, towhich the pedal is connected. As is shown in the present instance, thesleeve 28 also has a projection. 30, which is pivotally connected withthe rod 81. This rod 31 extends forwardly and is connected in anysuitable manner with the rod 32, one end of which projects outwardlyfrom the rear end housing 33 of the dynamo electric machine. Thissupplemental shaft or rod 32extends from the dynamo electric machineparallel with. the armature thereof, but suitably spaced aparttherefrom.

The front end of this rod isrbeveled as at 34, said beveled portionresting adjacent to a roller or other suitable friction reducingelement35, carried by the brush holder '36 of the movable motor brush 37.

An suitable bearings for the shaft 32 e providedinthe end housings andgmain frame of the electric machine, so as to assure the alinement ofsaid rod at all times.

The rear end housing 33 of the electric machine, as will be clearly seenfrom Figs. 2, 3 and 4, is divided into suitable com artments, in one ofwhich is located the s iftable coupling gearing 38, which comprises thepinions 39 and 40, mounted upon the 'stub' shaft 41. A pro ecting arm44, carried by the rod 32, is connected with the shiftablegearing 38, insuch a manner that when the rod 32 is moved longitudinally,

a corresponding movementv of the gearing 38 will be efiected.-

By referring to Figs. 2 and 3, it will beseen that the pinion 39normally rests ad'acent to but out of engagement with t e teeth 23formed'on the periphery of the fly wheel, while the pinion 40 restsadjacent to but out of engagement wi the pinion 42, carried on thearmature shaft 430i the electric'machine.

As has been explained in the patents and the co-pending applicationsheretofore referred to, the space between the pinion 40 and the armaturepinion 42 is'less than the space between the pinion 39 and the fly wheelgearing, when in normal position.

Thisis so that when the gearing is shifted, the pinion 40 will engagewith the armature pinion, previous to th engagement of the pinion 39with the fly wheel gearing.

It will of course be understood that the end housing 33 is provided withan open form part of the contactsare concerned and only able gearingjust described, while another of the compartments contains certain ofthe switch elements which control a part of the electrical connectionsof the system, which will be described hereinafter.

One of these switch units comprises the contact eslates 45, 46 and 47,respectively, so arrang that the plates 45 and 46 will be normally inclosed position. These plates enerator circuit which, as will up arhereinafter from the descri tion of t e electrical connections, will enormally a closed circuit in so far as these pened at these contacts atsuch times as it is desired to emplo the system for starting purposes.

The p ate 47, which is mounted ad acent lug or rejection 48 whichextends into the .ath o the cams 49 and 50, carried by and xed to therod 32.

From the above description, it will be noted that when the peda 27, ofthe main operating mechanism is depressed by the operator, the. rod 31will be drawn rearwardly, thus in turn moving the shaft 32 in a similardirection. The first operation which will be efl'ected by the movementof the pedal 27 will be the closing of the contact plates 47 and 45,this being efl'ected b {he :gm 49 engaging with t e insula is initialmovement of the operating pedal is for the purpose of producin the 105.'slow' initialrotation of the electric mac ine,

a movement of the gears at this time, inasmuch as there is a certainamount of lost motion permitted, previous to its shifting the gearing88.

As soon as the contact plates 47 and 45 I are brought together, acircuit will be closed through the generator windings, which will effecta slow initial rotation of the arma- -ture, so that when the" rod 32 isfurther moved rearwardly, the pinion 40 will readily engage with thearmature pinion 42, which will of course transmit a rotating movement tosaid gearing and thus facilitate the cou lin'gnp of the pinion 39 to thegear teetho the fly wheel.

. Thearrangement of the circuits above referrcd to willbe fullydescribed hereinafter. The, continued movement of the operatin pedal andits connected shaft 32 is adapte 'to' connect up the electric motor tothe fly wheelof the engine for cranking pug-poses. That is, the couplingearing 38 thereupon moves into its coup. ing pos1t1oh, in which thegear wheel 40 meshes with the armature pinion 42, (see Figs. 3 and 4),and the gear wheel 39 meshes with the teeth on the fly-,

wheel of the engine." This coupling movenient is an accompaniment to theslow initial starting movement referred to,which slow initial movementfacilitates the enmeshment of the gearing.

:The parts are now in position ready for the cranking operation, so thatthe further movement of the operating pedal and its connected rod 32, isadapted to operate the necessaryswitches for the motor cranking] erablyas follows:

operation.

jInv Fig. .1", the rod 32 is shown shifted to its left hand position,wherein theouter cam 50 still further depresses the contact'stri 47, sothat it not only. makes contact wit the strip 45, but als separates thestrip 45 from the contact strip 46. The efiectof thisis to break thegenerator circuit forthcmotor. cranking operation.

. 'Atthe same'time, as shown in Figs.3,-7

and 8, the beveled end 34 ofthe continuation ofthe rod 32', (sliding tothe right as shown in Fig. 3), will permit the SPI'IIIg PI'GSSEd brushholder 36 to drop" down,'--under influ ence of thespring- 81. This isthe commutator brush of, the motor cranking circuit,

' as shown in Figs. 1. and 1; when dropped down to the position shown inRig.

1*, this motor brush 37' then makes contact with the motor commutator 52andthe motor armature windings.

to crank the "engine for starting purposes.

applications heretofore referred a, a oneway/ clutch mechanismis'embodied in the i gear wheel 40, sothat' at any time that the enginetends to drive the motor, this oneway CllltChrWlH-hfl brought intoeffect, so as to substantially disconnectzthe motor from the engine.

Inasmuch as this clutch structure is demamas y l 3 ends of the frame,This operation will eflectthe closing of the motor"circi1it, so that theelectric machine will operate-with. a high torque effect,

pending. lic'atio'ns it is not shown or de-.. etail in the presentapplication;

scnbed in By referring to Fi 5, one of the .pre ferredembodiments o thedynamo'electric,

machine is clearly shown.

In certaln types of engines, such foriri stance as are em loyed as powerhints in automobiles of t e Buick type, t e crank case or certain partsof the engine frame are constructed of nonmagnetic material,

such as aluminum'or its equivalent. [It is well known that in electricmachines, itis advisable to provide a base for the machine which is ofnonmagnetic material, so that the magnetic. path through the frame ofthe machine will be interrupted and the. flux will be diverted acrossthe armature.

The construction just referred to, is described and claimed in a coending appli; cation filed as a division of t e resent up fplication,and bearing Serial 0. 81310, led-March 1, 1916. The general structurereferred to is pref- The electric machine, as will be clearly seen fromFig. 5, comprises the sidewframes 55 and 56, connected together at theirupper ends by means of the transverse bar orblock 57, which isconnected-by any suit-l able fastening means 58. This bar forms asupport for the .field coil 59, which. in

orator and motor field windings. p f The free endof'the frame 56terminates in an enlargement which constitutes one of the pole PIECES ofthe machine while the "the present invention contains both the genframe55 also has an' enlarged portion which constitutes the opposite polepiece. The

free ends of the side frames are so arranged that a space is .lefttherebetween. a i

In mounting the electric machine on: the crank case of the engine, aportion thereof tends to extend into this space. between-the the maarmature.

' Any suitable arrangement may be made forinclosing the-top of themachine, as by f the cover 60.

The electric machine embodied in the pres ent' invention is providedwith a front end casing which has an opening at one side 'thereof,"wh1chis'adapted to be closed by means of a cover plate 70. This cover plateisso arranged that it carries the lower motor orator commutator brush75.

eliy suitable manner on one aided the l and thereby interrupts: gnetlcpath through the frames'and thus diverts the magnetic flux across thescribed in detailin the mel o ed 00- a This brush is npr nallyheldinposition at.

I to engage the commutator by means of the they spring 74, and isprovided with an eatension 73', which prevents the brush holder frommovement toward the armature after the brush has worn down to'apredetermined point. v

The generator brush comprises the brush elemen 15, carried by the holder7 6, mount ed on t I opposite side of the lug 73, while the spring 78 isso positioned as to normally maintain the said brush in contact with itscommutator.

Now, if at any time it is desired to repair or replace one of thesebrush units, it is only necessary to remove the late 70, by looseningthe means which hold sition.

The upper set' of brushes, as shown in Fig. 7 comprise the 'motorbrush37, secured to the holder 36, which in turn is pivotally mounted onthe-plate 79. The rear end of the holder is provided with a roller 01"other friction reducin member 35, as has been explained heretofore, andnormally rests in such. a positionthat it will be engaged by the rod 32,and held in a raised position, away '-from the motor commutator of thearmature, and against the tension of the spring 81. i l

Any removable cover means may be a plied to the front end housing toinclose t e up pgr brush structure.

0 electrical connections included in the present invention are clearlyshown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 1 and will now be described.

It will be appreciated that when the machine is emplo ed for startingpurposes, a hihgh torque e ect is required, in order to e ciently crankor turn over the engine to R imit the same to become self actuating.

's high torque efi'ect is secured in the present instance by supplyingcurrent of comparatively high amperage, at a relatively vlow voltage, tocertain of the armature and field windings.

On the other hand, it is equally desirable that the machine, whenoperating as agenerator, shall supply current of such an amperage andvoltage as will be proper to charge the battery.

It is advantageous to employ a separate set of windings and electricalconnections,'

inasmuch as the proper wattage for charging a battery employed in thistype of system is usuall (other conditions being as are int epresentcase) much lower than the wattage which the battery discharges tothe motor for starting purposes.

'It is also highly desirable that the generator be brought up to a pointof where its voltage is suflicient to effect the charging of the batteryas quickly, as possible, after it has commenced to operate andat thelowest speed possible.

' In carrying out these objects, the motor s it in applied pogeneratingoperation; and the third an auxiliary series field winding, woundoppositely to the shunt field winding, to give the well knowndifferential effect for regulation of the generating current.

Other devices for further reg'lllation of this current are also includedas referred to.

Furthermore, 'the. switch arrangements are of such character that theshunt field set of windings, above referred to, are used accumulativelywith the first mentioned set of ereinafter series field windings of thecranking circuit,

so that during the cranking operation the field is energized by thejoint effect of the hea series field winding and the shunt field wining.

By referring to Fig. *1, it will be supposed that the engine to whichthe starting system is appliedis at rest and that it is desired to startthe same. l

p The electrical connections will be in the position shown i Fig. 1, andthe sequence of operations whic will complete the cycle of operation ofthe controlling mechanism will be as follows; Upon an initial movementof the rod 32, contact plates 47 and 45, will be brought'to ther, thusclosing the circuit so that curren will flow from the accumulator, 90,which is preferably of the storage t 6 battery type,

through the wire 91, to' late 47, viawire 92. From this has 47,

it will proceed through the plate 4 where a portion through the contactplate 46, through the wire 93, and across the generatorbrushes andtherefore through the ground connection 95, and back to the bat; tery90, via wire 96. I 1 V Z The remainder of the current will proceed viawire 97, branch wire 98" through the winding 99, which ordinarilyconstitutes the shunt winding of the ground connection 95, throng thewire 100 and thence back to the battery via wire 96.

of the current will branch of.

erator-arma-. ture windings to. the wire 9 thence to the erhtor, the

Thisfiow of current will efi'ect the operation Y of the machine as amotor, at a reduced speed. 4 I I A continued movement of the abovemenrevious description, will couple the startmg deyice up to the enginefor startingpuroses, b theshifting of the coupling gearmg 38 intoengagement with the armature tioned rod 32, it will be recalled from thepinion and the fly whel of the engine. This same into-contact with themotor commututor and thus close the following circuit:

from'the battery 90, through the wire 91, through the series Winding101, the brush holder 36, brush 37, across the armature that is, throughthe motor-armature windings,

through the opposite motor brush 72 to ground, via wire 102, and back tothe batte1X, via wire 96. v

' s above stated, the shunt field circuit 15 closed at this tlme, and asthis is the position for the moton-c ranking' operation, it

is obvious that the series'field winding and shunt field winding areassisting each other in field energization, during this period of motorcranking.

It will also be noted, that, as appears from the applications abovereferred to, there are two separate sets of armature Windings, thegenerator windings and the motor windings. The generator-armaturewindings: are used for the slow initialmovement to facilitate thecoupling referred to,-and'are likewise used for the regulargeneratingoperatio'n,+and the motor-armature windings are used for the enginecranking operationi'.

The pair of generator brushes 75"remain in contact with the commutatorbars of the generator-armature windings; one of the motor brushes, viz,72, remains in contact with the commutator bars of the motorarmature,but the other motor brush 37 is carried'by the movable arm 36, so as toconstitute a means for making and breaking 'the motor circuit for theengine cranking operation, thus constituting a brush lifting switch.

- As also explained inthe applications re ferred to, the motor-armaturewindings are i preferably of few, heavy. turns to give-hi h wattage andtorque for cranking, while t e generator-armature windings are ofgreater number of turns and higher resistance for the chargingcondition. p

Nomas soo fi as the engine becomes self operating, the operator"releases the pressure on the pedal 27, which in turn will permit ,therod. 32, .to be brought back into its nor mal positiornby means of thespring or other suitable mechanism 103. This return movei GO nent of therod 32 to 'its normal position,

will again raisethe motor brush 37 out of contact with its commutatorand thus the circuit just described will be broken, so that themachinewill no longer operate as a series motor. However, thecentact Ptes ii: a d

' 1 I 46 will assume their normal position to close the generatorcircuit, while-the plates and 4:? will be spaced apart, so that theinitial circuit described as being adapted to pass current throughthe'sh-unt winding of the generator, "to operate the same as a motor,will be broken.

It is now considered that the engine is selfactuating and operatingunder normal conditions. The electric machine will then be driven by thetiming-gears 25, tr motion through the shaft 26, to th of the electricmachine. The on -ways utolr is included in the front end housing of thedynamo-electric-machine 24, which may be of the same type as that shownand described in the co-pending applications heretofore referred to.This clutch permits the armature of the electric machineto operate freeof'the shaft 26, at such times as the shaft 26 is rotating at a lessspeed than the armature. However, as 'soon as the speed of the shaft 26equals or becomes greater than the armature, the clutch will couple upthe armature and the shaft 26, whereby the machine will be'operated as agenerator, being driven by the engine. This operation of the armaturewill tend to generate current which will flow through the followingcircuit: from the g n ra or brush 104, through the wire 93, contactplates 46 and 45,, wire 97, where a' portion of the current will tend toflow through the iron wire "shunt-106,- while the remainder of thecurrentwill flow through the wire.98, to the point 107, where a furtherdivision of the current; will be made and a part thereof will .fiowthrough the shuntfield 99, through the wire 100,-to the oppositegenerator'brush 7 5. The remainder of the current will. pass through theauxiliary series winding-108 whose windings are opposed in direction tothose of the shunt windings 99, through the wire 109, to the wire 110,which, connects with the cut-out relay or current interrupter 112.

This relay, has-for its function to prevent the flow of current from thebattery, back.

through the electric machine, at such time as the voltage; a ross the.terminals off'the. machine is less t an the voltage across the"termin'als""of the. battery.

It will be appreciated that when the erator starts to operate, thevoitage will by Now, as soon as t e cut-out relay device is so energizedthat it will at ract h arro ture 114, to close the contact plates 115and 116, the current will flow through the heavy winding 117, throughthe wire 118, to the wire 91, across the battery .90, to the groundconnection 95, and back across the generator.

As has been already Stated, it is extremely desirable to effect a quickbuilding up of the generator so that it will immedlately, upon startingto operate, commence to charge the battery. hls is assisted in thepresent instance y inserting an iron w re shunt 106 in such a manner asto short clrcuit the auxiliary or. opposed series winding of thegenerator circuit, so that most of the current will initially phssthrough this shuntrather than throu the series windin thus permittingthe V0 tage of the shunt eld to rise rapidly. v

However, as soon as the ironwire 106 begins to heat up, itsresistancewill also tend to increase and'this will divert the flow ofcurrent through the opposed series winding, until such a time as abalancing eficct is secured in the generator field windings. A similararrangement of iron wire resistance is described more in detail in thePatent 1,171,055, above referred to.

In the present invention, it will of course be understood that theproportioning of the windings and the. conductivity thereof will bearranged so as to produce the most efiicient machines for the purposesdesired, and it will also he understood that the sequence of operationsand the relative timing thereof will be effected by the formation andarrangement of the mechanical elements in any suitablelmanner.

From the receding description, it will be seen fthat t e various fieldwindin sand armature windings are difierent-ly se ected, according tothe desired operative condition.

That is, for the slow initial starting move ment (in which the couplingbetween engine and motor is effected), the shunt field winding 99 isused; and at this time the electric machine acts as a motor usin thearmature windings which are ordinarl y used as the generator-armaturewindings.

, Secondly, for the engine'cranking movement, the heavy series fieldwindin 101 is used, assisted by the shunt field win ing 99; and duringthis eriod, the electric machine is acting as a series motor with hightorque,

the armature windings now bein the heav motor? armature windings, (t ecircuit through the eneratonarmature windings 'now being bro en); IThirdly, for the generating operation, the shuntfield windingz99 isused, but opposed by the auxiliary series field winding 108;-

and in this generating:- period the generator-armature windings areused. 1.

And the selection of these variousfield and armature windings is broughtabout by a aid of the two. switches referred to, viz.

the brush-lifting switch, and the outside switch com rism the contacts45, 46 and 47) bot o whic switches are 0 erated from the. commonoperating mom r or pedal 27.

The ignition-system which formed a part of the original description inthe present application, now forms the subject matter of a divisionalapplication, Serial No. 80,877.' filed February 28, 1916.

While the form of mechanism herein shown and described constitutes apreferred form of embodiment of. the invention, it is to be understoodthat other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of sodevices be the engine;

shunt field winding and two separate series field windings;and means forselecting-the shunt field winding and one of the series field windingstogether with the motor-armature winding for. cranking the engine by themotor, and for selecting the shunt fieldOB winding and the other seriesfield winding together with the generator-armature winding forgenerating, said selecting means also having provisions for *breakingthe main generating circuitas an accompaniment to the making ofjthemotor circuit aim the crank ng operation.

,2. In an engine starting system, the combinatiiin with an engine, amotor-generator, and an accumulator, with connecting tievices betweenthe motor-generator and the engine; a shunt field winding and twoseparate series 'field windings; and a common operatingi member forcontrolling said connecting erator with the engine, and likewise for selecting the shunt winding and one of the series w ndings for crankingthe engine by the motor, and'tor selecting the shunt winding andthe'other series winding for generating.

3. Inan engine starting system," theiconibination with an engine,a'motor-generator, and a battery, with: connecting devices be tween themotor-generator andthe engine: of two sets .ofarmature windings for theevices to connect the motojrl-genmotor-generator, one smotorfarmatureand shunt field winding and two, separate series fieldwindings; a'br'ush lifting switch in the the other a generator-armaturewinding; it

adapted to make and break the motor cir j cuit; an. additionalswitchdevice for controlling the generator circuit and the generator fieldwinding; and .41. com nonop crating member for controlling the operas,

i tion of the brush lifting switchand the additional switch to selectthe shunt field winding and, one of the series field windings selectingthe shunt field winding for giving the motor-generator an initialmovement to facilitate enmeshment of the said connecting devices.

5. In an engine starting system, the combination with an engine, amotor-generator, and a battery, with connecting devices be- 25 tween themotor-generator and the engine;

' of two sets of armature windings for the motor-generator, one amotor-armature and the other a generator armature winding; a shunt field'windin and two separate series field windings; an means for selectingthe shunt field winding and one of the series field windings togetherwith the motor-armature winding for cranking the engine by the motor,and for selectin theshunt field windingrand the other series fieldwinding ing for generating, with provisions for reliminarily selectingthe shunt field win ing and 'the' generator-armature winding for givingthe motor-generator an initial movement to facilitate enmeshment of thesaid connecting devices.

6. an, engine startingdevice, the com bination withan en ineand astarting de.

vice therefor, comprlsing adynamo-electricmachine having opposed shuntand series windings to be brought into use when the ma'chine s operatedas a generator, and an independent series Winding to be brought into usewhen the machine is to operate as a motor for starting purposes; meansfor cou- .pling the engine and starting device getherpforstartingpurposes; an 'acc'umulator ha ving 56 w'ith the generator windinand with motor windings; and'contro ling rnechanismI -for shifting saidcoupling means: connect the engine-and starting device fto'get or nectthe accumulator withthe'inde starting purposes, and to oncurrently nseries winding of'the dynamo eljr c-machine, whereby said machine wflungiatt as armotor I v 7. In an engine starting-device, the'com- B5bination with an engine and a starting fde and dynamo-electric-machine,and

winding adapted to be broug t into opera-- together with thegenerator-armature wmda accumulator, whereby binatidil with an en'gineanda machine, having "into use when the machin a a generator;

,when t emachinefis to opera connections ndaptedtp'beffifnade tio'ns lwlh. the electric;machine,

y'nisms included in said circuit connections,

vice therefor, comprising a dynamo-electric mally dis-establishing theelectrical connection between the accumulator and the motor windings;switch means for normall y estal lishing connection-between theaccumulator and generator windings; a supplemental I switchinsaidgenerator circuit; and a main operating member for' controllingthe mechanical connections between the engine 85 having, provisions formechanically. operating the supplemental switchw mechanism, so that theaccumulator may be connected with the gena erator, whereby the machinewill operate" as a shunt wound motor, previous to its actual startingoperation.

8. In a starting device for engines; the combination with an engine anda. starting. device therefor, comprising a dynamo-aloe tric machinehaving opposed-shunt and l series windings adapted to be brought into af operation when the machine is to operate, 1 as a generator; and an1nde endent series tion when'themachine is to operate asa motorforstarting purposes; an. ac'cumulator having connections adaptedtobemade V with the generator windings and the motor windings; and meansfor connecting certain of the windings of the generator to the themachine will .be operated as a motor, by passingcurrent 1 throu h theshunt-winding 9. h an engine starting device, the-come vice therefor,compr1sing a dynam pp it y on and series windings adap and anfind,

windin adapted to be'bro ht 'i fora-starting purposes; a source p ghaving motor and generator circuit, conn ee'- 1,20v

including one of said"'- brushe's-.

, mumtor; brushes ibei gr normally positioned to. break the,

meter circuit; independent switch mecha- 12;, oneof'whichnormally'maintains the generator circuit closed,- another ofwhich isinor m'ally open; means for mechanically connecting the electricmachine cs4 motor to.

the engine for sta t g WW andpaw main operating inember havin a sequence;of operations toinitially close t e normally opened switch mechanismcontained in the enerator circuit, whereby current will pass t rough theshunt winding only of the generetor to operate the machine aamotor at aninitial speedgand secondly to efl'ect the shifting of the coupling meansto mechanically connect the electric. machine to the engine for startingpur oses, and'thirclly to operate relative, to t e normally vclosedswitch'in the generator circuit to open the same. and thus break -thenormally closed generator circuit, and fourthly to operate relative tothe displaced brush to pe'rxnit the 15 same to complete the motorcircuit for startin? purposes.

n testimony whereof we aflix our signw tures in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

CHARLES E. KETTERING. v WILLIAM A. CHRYST.

, Witnessesz' J. W. MCDONALD,

O. D. Mowmr.

